Thanks, It will be in every position. Upside down will happen! Ha! I will be reporting as we test.
The SmartCarb incorporates an altitude correction circuit that "vents" the float bowl to directly communicate with the venturi. Currently our billet performance SmartCarb holds roughly 57ml of fuel in the bowl, which is certainly enough to make for a hard to start engine after a complete tip over and takes a little time to clean out.
We've always had the option to eliminate the altitude correction circuit and just run standard venting to eliminate the tip over flooding issue and still have a nice running carburetor. However the circuit really does a lot more than just correct for changes in ambient air pressures and densities; it also balances the fuel driving pressures to provide very precise air/fuel ratio control as the engine goes in and out of efficiencies, i.e pipe effect. These same features also augment the fuel driving pressures to work in conjunction with throttle position and the shape of the venturi.
All of that said to say it has been a challenge to find a way to trap all the fuel into the float bowl during a tip over and keep it from running straight down the vent tubes and into the engine. Different tip over conditions can create different scenarios of course and we are finding that those with a little lower setting of the fuel level have much less problem with flooding after a tip over. Conversely those running a little high on the float level have more of a problem because of a greater volume and a little longer to shut the inlet needle seat. The needle and seat are shut when tipped over and no more fuel can enter the bowl.
We are getting good results with the first design of our check valves that both allow the altitude correction circuit to remain fully operational, and contain all to most of the fuel in the float bowl during a tip over. These are designed to fit inline with the current vent line fittings and are easily interchangeable on the billet SmartCarbs. These valves will be incorporated into the vent passageways on the new cast carbs.
The greater challenge is overflow if the floats stick open, and totally fill the engine up with fuel. This requires us to find a way to either stop fuel flow from the tank while the engine is stopped. Vacuum petcocks/valves have been around for awhile and are met with mixed feelings, but certainly doable. The other solution is to put a stand pipe in the float bowl that is float operated to let out the overflow, which is less desirable as it would let fuel run out onto the ground. BTW with just the vent line check valves the only way fuel can overflow into the engine is up the nozzle with the throttle closed and really slows it down but still not a complete solution.
Mike Rosso (KTM North America) says that KTM would probably be accepting of a vacuum high/flow petcock, but would be best to apply any device solely to the carburetor. Which I agree and is what we are doing. It's very hard to get a manufacturer to accommodate a supplier, but we are also in a time when EPA/ARB is forcing a clear emissions strategy from manufacturers and necessary steps will no doubt come along to better accommodate what has to be done. It would however make for a nearly fully contained fuel system and EVAP emissions would likely be on par with EFI. We did this on our 150 cc scooters during EVAP testing for EPA and showed in this category to be the lowest evaporative emissions of any carburetor.