As mentioned, a picture of the washers/spacers you found would be helpful.
You can set the back spacing and float without an alignment bar. This is especially helpful if you have lost or mixed up the spacer and washer shims from your secondary clutch and jack shaft. Also helpful if you are installing a different secondary on your sled.
The idea is to position the two "fixed" sheaves into their correct position. When I say "fixed" I mean these two sheaves don't move (in relation to each other) as the clutches shift ratios.
Essentially the outer edge of the secondary clutch should be spaced 2.50" from the inner web of the primary clutch. This is for a primary without an electric start ring gear.
Take two straight edges, one behind the primary and the other on the flat face on the outside of the secondary. Pull the secondary out against the stop washer. Measure the distance between these two faces. It should be 2.50". IF it's less than 2.50" then you need to add washers under the bolt holding the secondary to the jack shaft. If you have more than 2.50" then you need to take away a washer.
Once you have that distance set then you need to adjust the float of the secondary. You should have about .030" of in and out float when pushing the secondary in and out on the jack shaft. If you have more than .030" then you add spacers to the back side of the secondary. If you have less than .030" then you need to remove spacers.
From the OP it sounds like you may have found spacers hims from behind the clutch. If you found .050" worth of shims and you have .080" float then it's pretty obvious where these shims go.